QUESTION 1

Which of the following is a possible unintended consequence of an organization’s focusing more on ethics planning that on implementation?

Unethical conduct is viewed as acceptable behavior.

The government implements its own audits.

The ethics program is poorly designed

Employees become annoyed.

The implementation process incurs large costs for the organization.

1 points

QUESTION 2

A(n) _________ is a tool that companies can employ to indentify and measure their ethical commitment to stakeholders.

Ethical audits

Social audits

Financial Audits

Performance Audits

External Audits

2 points

QUESTION 3

Increasing the wealth gap between nations and misusing and misallocating scarce resources are ethical issue accusations related to

Cultural differences

multinational corporations

consumerism

legal difference

international negotiations

2 points

QUESTION 4

In ascending Order, Caroll’s four levels of social responsibility are:

ethical, legal, economic, philanthropic

economic, ethical, philanthropic, legal

economic, legal, ethical, philanthropic

legal, ethical, economic, philanthropic

ethical, legal, moral, economic

2 points

QUESTION 5

Which ISO guideline pertains to environmental regulation standards and was designed to help reduce a firm’s pollution, waster and carbon footprint?

ISO 3000

ISO 2000

ISO 265000

ISO 26000

!SO 14000

2 points

QUESTION 6

The term used to express how a firm meets its stakeholder exprectations of its economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities is:

reputation

corporate citizenship

corporate ethical audit

ethical citizenship

fiduciary duties

2 points

QUESTION 7

Which economist espoused a kind of Darwinian or “wild west” version of capitalism?

Adam Smithy

Theodore Levitt

Norman Bowie

Herman Miller

Milton Friedman

2 points

QUESTION 8

What type of fraudulent activity could involve a comsumer staging an accident to seek damages?

Whacking

Duplicity

Guile

Defamation

Collusion

2 points

QUESTION 9

Prior to the 2008 financial meltdown, bond ratings agencies were accused of having _____ because they were paid by the organizations that they rated. The organizations would shop around for the agency that gave them the best rating.

high ethical standards

excessively complicated systems

a hostile workplace

conflicts of interest

a good business model

2 points

QUESTION 10

_____ are used to obtain or retain business and are not generally considered illegal in the U.S.

Facilitation payments

Bribes

Gifts

Coercive techniques

Threats

2 points

QUESTION 11

Which of the following is not a step in the ethics auditing process?

Secure commitment of top executives and directors.

Review organizational mission, goals, values and policies, and define ethical priorities.

Report the results to the U.S. Sentencing Commission.

Collect and analyze relevant information.

verify the result.

2 points

QUESTION 12

The word _____ implies a balanced organization that makes ethical financial decisions and also is ethical in more subjective matters of corporate culture.

compliance

integrity

financial management

corporate culture

transparency

2 points

QUESTION 13

Which of the following is not a measure of ethical climate?

Collective skill

Collective ethical sensitivity

Collective judgment

Collective character

Collective moral motivation

2 points

QUESTION 14

During which step of the auditing process should a firm examine all documents that make explicit commitments to ethical, legal, or social responsibility?

Secure commitment of top managers and directors.

Establish a committee to oversee the audit.

Define the scope of the audit process

Review organizational mission, goals, values, and policies.

verify the results.

2 points

QUESTION 15

A(n) _____ is a financial accounting firm that offers social auditing services or a nonprofit special interest group with auditing experience that verifies the results of ethics auditing data analysis

stakeholder

ethics audit consultant

best practices expert

financial consultant

board of directors

2 points

QUESTION 16

_____ is a term used by Adam Smith to explain the inherent mechanisms at work in free market systems that keep commerce in equilibrium. It is also known as the “invisible hand

Consumerism

Cultural relativism

Social Democracy

Laissez-fair

Bimmodal wealth distribution

2 points

QUESTION 17

______ assumes that humans may not act rationally because of genetics, learned behavior, and rules of thumb.

Rational economics

Socialism

Cultural relativisim

National culture

Behavioral economics

2 points

QUESTION 18

Which of the following is not a criticism of or charge against multinational corporations (MNCs)?

They transfer jobs overseas, where wage rates are lower

They increase the gap between rich and poor nations

They pay excessively high taxes everywhere

They exploit the labor markets of host countries

They have an unfair advantage when competing with local businesses

2 points

QUESTION 19

Which of the following is a measure taken by governments to curtail MNC practices that create ethical issues?

Levying import taxes to lower the prices MNCs charge for their products

Halting the establishment of minimum wage laws

Avoiding the United Nations’ monitoring efforts

Preventing the formation of labor unions

Imposing export taxes to force MNCs to share more of their profits

2 points

QUESTION 20

An unconscious reference to one’s own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge is referred to as the

cultural reference criterion

unconscious cultural criterion

cultural-self criterion

self-reference criterion

unconscious cultural-self criterion

3 points

QUESTION 21

Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of principles or rules designed to promote the greatest overall utility rather than by examining situations individually?

Rule utilitarianism

Act utilitarianism

Rule deontology

Act deontology

egoism

3 points

QUESTION 22

Which moral perspective defines ethical behavior subjectively from the unique experiences of individuals and groups?

Virtue ethics

Egoism

The relativist perspective

Absolutism

Justice

3 points

QUESTION 23

_____ typically focuses on the end result of actions and happiness created by them, whereas _____ emphasizes the means and motives by which actions are justified.

Pragmatism; hedonism

Deontology; pragmatism

Utilitarianism; deontology

Utilitarianism; a goodness theory

A goodness theory; an obligation theory

3 points

QUESTION 24

Enlightened egoism

is when an individual puts spiritual feelings above all others.

centers completely on the short-term well-being of others.

centers on one’s short-term self-interest.

centers on one’s long-term self-interest but takes others’ well-being into account.

centers on the long-term well-being of others

3 points

QUESTION 25

_____ have lower ethical issue sensitivity, meaning they are less likely to detect ethical issues. They may be more committed to completing projects and more dedicated to group values and objectives.

Relativists

Hedonists

Pragmatists

Decontologists

Teleologists

3 points

QUESTION 26

Which of the following is a statement that attests that the financial statements made in an audit are fairly stated, without limitations?

Adverse opinion

Qualified opinion

Unqualified opinion

Favorable opinion

Disclaimer of opinion

3 points

QUESTION 27

Under the _____, CEOs and CFOs may be criminally prosecuted if they knowingly certify misleading financial statements.

Sherman Antitrust Act

Ethical Compliance Act

Robinson-Patman Act

Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Sherman Antitrust Act

3 points

QUESTION 28

During which of the following steps of the ethics auditing process does an organization identify the tools or methods for measuring progress in improving employees’ ethical decisions and conduct?

Secure commitment of top managers and directors

Establish a committee to oversee the audit

Define the scope of the audit

Collect and analyze relevant information

Verify the results

3 points

QUESTION 29

_____ are a primary stakeholder group and should be included in the ethics auditing process because their loyalty determines an organization’s success.

Customers

Employees

Special interest groups

Competitors

Legislators

3 points

QUESTION 30

The concept of ethics auditing emerged from the movement to audit and report on companies’ broader _____ initiatives.

product development

legal compliance

risk management

public relations

social responsibility

3 points

QUESTION 31

Which of the following is probably the best way for a manager to provide good ethics leadership?

Hire an ethics officer

Write a code of conduct

Conduct ethics audits

Set a good example

Only hire good employees

3 points

QUESTION 32

Which of the following statements about multinational corporations (MNCs) is false?

MNCs are corporate organizations that operate on a global scale without significant ties to any one nation or region.

MNCs are inherently unethical and always do harm in the countries in which they operate.

MNCs are characterized by a global strategy of focusing on opportunities throughout the world.

Some MNCs are so large and powerful that their revenues are greater than the gross domestic products of many countries.

Because of their size and power, MNCs have been the subject of much criticism and the source of a number of ethical issues.

3 points

QUESTION 33

When in Rome, do as the Romans do, or you must adapt to the cultural practices of the country in which you are operating are rationalizations businesspeople sometimes offer for straying from their own ethical values when doing business abroad. This practice is called

self-reference criterion

country cultural values

consumerism

cultural relativism

dumping

3 points

QUESTION 34

_____ involves transactions across national boundaries. It is a practice that brings together people who have different cultures, values, laws, and ethical standards.

Global business

Country cultural values

Social democracy

Cultural relativism

Bimodal wealth distribution

3 points

QUESTION 35

Risk compartmentalization occurs when

companies place their most problematic employees into separate profit centers so that they cannot influence one another to act unethically

all profit centers within a corporation are aware of the code of ethics.

all profit centers within an organization become aware of the consequences of competitors’ actions.

various profit centers within an organization become unaware of the consequences of their actions on the firm as a whole.

ethics and compliance programs reduce the risk of misconduct.

3 points

QUESTION 36

_____ has been codified in a United Nations document and is defined as an inherent dignity with equal and inalienable rights as the foundation of freedom, justice, and peace in the world.

Cultural relativism

Human rights

Consumerism

Dumping

Health care

3 points

QUESTION 37

Strong ethical leaders have a passion for all of the following except to

do the right thing.

be proactive.

consider stakeholder interests.

be role models for the organization and its employees.

satisfy shareholders before other stakeholder groups.

3 points

QUESTION 38

Leaders whose decisions and actions are contrary to the firm’s values send a signal

that the firm’s values are trivial or irrelevant.

that they are providing a good example of what not to do.

that the firm’s corporate culture is highly important.

that they are working toward improving the ethical culture of the firm.

that they care about the environment.

3 points

QUESTION 39

Which attribute of ethical leaders will not be effective unless the leader is personally involved in the organization’s key ethical decisions?

Stakeholder compassion

Proactive leadership

Transparency

Moral philosophy

Compensation

3 points

QUESTION 40

Which is not considered a white collar crime?

Corporate tax evasion

Credit card fraud

Insider trading

Identity theft

Mugging someone

3 points

QUESTION 41

An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg’s stages of development?

Universal ethical principles (6th stage)

Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (3rd stage)

Social system and conscience maintenance (4th stage)

Punishment and obedience (1st stage)

Prior rights, social contract, or utility (5th stage)

3 points

QUESTION 42

Eric views animal research in the pharmaceutical industry as a way to improve drugs that will benefit mankind. Which moral philosophy most closely represents his viewpoint?

Egoism

Relativism

Humanitarianism

Utilitarianism

Individualism

3 points

QUESTION 43

In Kohlberg’s model, the stage of mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (Stage 3) differs from the stage of individual instrumental purpose and exchange (Stage 2) in terms of the individual’s motives in

considering fairness to others.

maintaining the social order.

considering duty to society

upholding the basic values of society

maintaining obedience to authority

3 points

QUESTION 44

_____ justice considers the processes and activities that produce the outcome or results.

Disruptive

Procedural

Interactional

Communications

Evaluative

3 points

QUESTION 45

The _____ leader demands instantaneous obedience and focuses on punishing wrong behavior, achievement, initiative, and self-control.

democratic

coaching

affiliative

coercive

pacesetting

3 points

QUESTION 46

Melinda is a very popular executive. She inspires her employees to follow a common vision, facilitates change, and creates a strongly positive climate, all while stressing performance. Melinda has helped to create a(n) _____ culture.

authoritative

caring

integrative

exacting

affirmative

3 points

QUESTION 47

_____ are satisfied by social and interpersonal relationships, and _____ are satisfied by creative or productive activities.

Growth needs; relatedness needs

Personal needs,; group needs

Coercive needs, ethical needs

Relatedness needs, growth needs

Group needs, personal needs.

3 points

QUESTION 48

Over the years, scholars have developed more than 100 definitions of culture. According to the text, all have the following common elements:

Culture is shared, relatively stable, and is formed over a long period of time.

Culture is not shared, stable, and is formed over a long period of time.

Culture is shared, not stable, and is formed over a long period of time.

Culture is shared, stable, and is formed over a short period of time.

Culture is man-made, shared, not stable, and is formed over a short period of time.

3 points

QUESTION 49

The elements of ______ important to business transactions have been defined as trust, self-control, empathy, fairness, and truthfulness.

egoism

utilitarianism

decontology

moral philosophy

virtue

3 points

QUESTION 50

The idea that people learn ethical or unethical behavior while interacting with others who are a part of their role sets is referred to as

differential dissonance

cognitive memory dissonance

cognitive association

differential association

casual interaction

3 points

QUESTION 51

How can business leaders use Motivation to improve ethical job performance? How does the hierarchy of needs play into a leader’s ability to improve ethical job performance?

Path: pWords:0

4 points

QUESTION 52

Explain the benefits and risks of ethics auditing? 50 word minimum

Path: pWords:0

4 points

QUESTION 53

What is whistle blowing and what are the concerns about this practice?

Path: pWords:0

4 points

QUESTION 54

What is dumping and why is it considered anti competitive? Does the United States allow dumping?

Path: pWords:0

4 points

QUESTION 55

How can differences in two countries’ culture create ethical issue in business?

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Question 1.1.The main roles of ethics committees are: (Points : 2)

protecting patient’s rights and making changes medical staff.
developing standards and policy, Education, Clinical consultation, and Resource allocation.
making financial decisions.
seek financial resources.
develop strategic plans.
Question 2.2.Caregivers who suspect resident abuse are expected to: (Points : 2)

report their findings.

document symptoms and conditions of suspected abuse.
clearly define signs of abuse.

ensure that proper follow-up, per facility policy occurs.

all of the above.

Question 3.3.Domestic violence is a complex social problem that carries serious health care consequences, especially for intimate partners and others in society. (Points : 2)

True

False

Question 4.4.Deontology is a theory of ethics that uses the concept of duty and respect for persons to define appropriate ethical actions. (Points : 2)

True

False

Question 5.5.According to Gaudine, Lamb, LeFort, and Thorne, the barriers that the clinical staff will encounter in using ethics committees are: (Points : 2)

not having enough information about what the ethics committees actually do, not enough experience in dealing with ethic committees, fear of the reaction of others in their work culture, and personal attitude of avoiding asking for assistance.
lack of training and education, fear of reprisal, and not being goal-oriented.

having an isolation mentality.

b & c only.

all of the above.

Question 6.6.The six normative ethics theories are: (Points : 2)

Natural Law, Egoistic, Authority-based, Theological, Deontological, and Virtue theories.
Relativism, Fiduciary, Utility, Utilitarianism, Ideological, and Eudaimonian theories.
Biomedical, Autonomy, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Elitism, and Moral theories.
Egoistic, Theological, Autonomy, Natural Law, Elitism, and Utility theories

None of the above.
Question 7.7.This is the obligation to be fair in the distribution of benefits. (Points : 2)

Beneficence
Autonomy
Justice
Nonmaleficence

Responsibility

Question 8.8.An advance directive is a legal document that allows a patient to express his or hers wishes about end-of-life issues and treatment this is also known as aliving will. (Points : 2)

True

False

Question 9.9.Consent can be: (Points : 2)

express consent.

verbal consent.

written agreement authorizing treatment.

Implied consent.

all of the above

Question 10.10.The critical study of major moral precepts, such as, what things are right and what things are good is referred to as: (Points : 2)

morality.

general normative ethics.

distributive justice.

morality.

virtues.

Question 11.11.Active euthanasia occurs when: (Points : 2)

hope for survival still exists.

a potentially life-saving treatment is withdrawn or withheld.

physician assisted suicide.

there is an intentional commission of an act that will result in death.

none of the above.

Question 12.12.Systemic health inequality is a difference in health that consistently affects two or more populations and is not cause by random variations. (Points : 2)

True

False

Question 13.13.Guardianship is a: (Points : 2)

legal mechanism by which the court declares the guardian incompetent and appoints a proxy.
legal mechanism by which the court declares a person incompetent and appoints a guardian.
legal mechanism by which the court declares a person competent and appoints a guardian.
legal mechanism by which the court declares a family member incompetent and appoints a guardian.
none of the above.
Question 14.14.Respondeat superior is a legal doctrine holding: (Points : 2)

employers liable for the wrongful acts of independent contractors.
employers liable for the wrongful acts of the medical staff.
employers liable for the wrongful acts of their agents.
employers liable for the wrongful acts of contracted staff.
none of the above.
Question 15.15.Each state is required under the PSDA to: (Points : 2)

implement HIPAA.
provide local communities with state regulations regarding HIPAA violations.

provide a description of the law in the state regarding advance directives.
provide a description of the law in the state regarding advance directives to providers.

none of the above.
Question 16.16.The application of normative theories to practical moral problems is referred to as: (Points : 2)

normative ethics.

distributive justice.

secular ethics.

applied ethics.

nonmaleficence.

Question 17.17.Advance directives: (Points : 2)

allow the patient to state in advance the kinds of medical care that he or she considers acceptable or not acceptable.
allow the patient to appoint an agent to make those decisions on his or her behalf.
allow the patient to execute a living will.
allow the patient to execute a durable power of attorney.
all of the above.
Question 18.18.Roe v. Wade involves a state’s right to decide a woman’s right to an abortion on a case by case basis during the first trimester of a pregnancy. (Points : 2)

True

False

Question 19.19.The American Health Information Management Association code of ethics provides that: (Points : 2)

the medical record must be preserved and protected.
refuse to participate in or conceal unethical practices or procedure.
confidential nature of the medical record must be preserved.

the medical records administrator must strive to advance knowledge and practice of medical record administration, including continued self-improvement, in order to contribute to the best possible medical care

all of the above.

Question 20.20.Altruism is acting unselfishly or in belief that one’s actions benefits others. (Points : 2)

True

False

Question 21.21.The critical study of major moral precepts, such as what things are right and what things are good, is referred to as morality. (Points : 2)

True

False

Question 22.22.Patients have a right to expect that information regarding their care and treatment will be kept confidential by: (Points : 2)

nurses and physicians.

volunteers.

housekeepers.

board members.

all of the above.

Question 23.23.Practicing outside one’s scope of practice has both: (Points : 2)

mythical and legal concerns.

legal and practical concerns.

ethical and legal concerns.

ethical and code concerns.

regulatory concerns.

Question 24.24.A person can consent to something only if he or she: (Points : 2)

has inadequate competency to consent.

has sufficient mental capacity to make an intelligent choice.
is in a comatose state.

none of the above.
Question 25.25.When does passive euthanasia occur? (Points : 2)

During a physician assisted suicide.
When there is an intentional commission of an act that will result in death.
When the hope for survival still exists.
When a potentially life-saving treatment is withdrawn or withheld.
All of the above.

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1. (TCOs 2, 4, 5, 6) The idea that the assisted suicide of terminally ill patients should be allowed or assisted for the greater happiness of all concerned reflects what type of ethics? (Points : 5)
Aristotle’s Doctrine of the Mean
Kant’s Categorical Imperative (in the 2nd Formulation)
Thomas Aquinas’s concept of conscience
Rand’s concept of self-interest
Mill’s Principle of Utility

2. (TCOs 1, 2, 7) What is the moral ideal of prudence? (Points : 5)
Taking a traditional approach to problematic situations
Choosing behavior judiciously by consulting experience
Taking care to slow down decision making
Avoiding risks
Resisting impulsiveness

3. (TCOs 1, 2) One of the common errors in Ethics is unwarranted assumptions. Unwarranted assumptions consist of what? (Points : 5)
Preconceptions before ethical dilemmas are confronted
Failing to read carefully and with attention to detail
Taking too much for granted
Speculating apart from information
Treating case studies carelessly

4. (TCO 2) Prescriptive language used in ethical discussions is characterized by which of the following words? (Points : 5)
Cannot be
Could be
Used to be
Should be
Must be

5. (TCOs 7, 8) Each person ought to do whatever will best promote his or her own interests. (Points : 5)
Utilitarianism
Kant’s Categorical Imperative
Social Contract Theory
Ethical Egoism
Gilligan

6. (TCOs 2, 4, 9) “The right thing to do is to follow the rules that rational, self-interested people can agree to establish for their mutual benefit.” This is a belief of what? (Points : 5)
Ethical Egoism
Utilitarianism
Kant’s Categorical Imperative
Social Contract Theory
Marxism

7. (TCOs 3, 6) The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created through a congressional enabling act as a governmental agency to act on the concerns voiced by environmental ethicists. Their actions include all of the following except for which one? (Points : 5)
Subpoena regulation offenders
Monitor situations of environmental concern
Fine offenders
Sponsor new legislation on environmental issues
Confiscate property of offenders

8. (TCOs 3, 6, 7) Where in our course does the following phrase apply: “The only thing good without qualification is a good will”? (Points : 5)
Personal habits of excellence according to Plato
The social contract according to Locke
Deontological ethics according to Mill
Natural law ethics according to Aquinas
Deontological ethics according to Kant

9. (TCOs 8, 9) Which ethical concept is organized and directed toward following the greatest happiness principle? (Points : 5)
Natural ethics and law
Justice and mercy
Rights and responsibilities
Virtue-ethics of excellence
Principle of utility

10. (TCOs 3, 6, 7) What is the purpose of proving whether a syllogism of formal logic is “valid”? (Points : 5)
To identify the connecting phrase “therefore” or a synonym of it before proceeding further
To determine whether the situation described is accurate
To determine whether the premises are true before continuing
To determine whether the conclusion proceeds from the premises
To determine that there are only two premise statements in the syllogism

11. (TCOs 1, 2) Solving a dilemma involves realizing what aspect of it? (Points : 5)
You will never be satisfied that the right choice was made
Some choices of action are more realistic than others
In deciding to choose one action, the other possible choices will be lost
Not everybody involved will be happy with the choice
There may be significant personal costs to choosing

12. (TCOs 1, 2, 7) Where did Thomas Aquinas say that conscience originates? (Points : 5)
Through the hard work of reasoning
Direct gift from God in all cultures through natural law
An a priori source
By observing the objects and actions of the world
An empirical response of guilt for past actions

13. (TCOs 2, 8) The single criterion for making decisions in utilitarian ethics is what? (Points : 5)
The experience of pleasure
Accounting for unintended consequences
Fiduciary interests to be honored
The amount of happiness produced
The principle to be honored

14. (TCOs 1, 2, 5) The Social Contract theorist whose troubled childhood was most clearly reflected in his theories was who? (Points : 5)
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Jefferson
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke

15. (TCOs 3, 6, 7) Kant’s concern that people choose to observe universal laws as their duty is expressed through what actions? (Points : 5)
Their habits
Their maxims
Their desires
Their loves
Their loyalties

16. (TCOs 2, 7, 8) Personal development and discovery through the repetition of good acts and study of virtue characterizes what ethicist? (Points : 5)
Plato
Aristotle
Luther
Augustine
Socrates

17. (TCOs 2, 8) Professional codes of ethics and conduct provide what benefit for individuals who aspire to join the professions? (Points : 5)
Scholarships of financial assistance
Background checking
Examples of ethical violations
Guidance to professional schools of the examination requirements for licensing
Assurance of employment and salary standards

18. (TCOs 2, 7) Aristotle’s Ethical Doctrine of the Mean measured personal virtues on a scale that included the virtue itself, the excess of it, and the deficiency of it.
If the virtue is COURAGE and the deficiency is COWARDICE, what is the excess?

(Points : 5)
Wisdom
Moderation
There is no excess
Recklessness
Love

19. (TCOs 8, 9) In personal or organizational conflict, what benefits accrue to all parties when a leader or consultant employees one of the ethical conflict resolution models of Week 6? (Points : 5)
Objectives of what winning the conflict means get refined and better understood
Conflict management gets slowed down and settled.
Conflict can be handled in a sequential, step-by-step manner ?
Parties can be reconciled without solving the issues
Personal relationships can be separated from issues

20. (TCOs 1, 2) The Latin term a priori describes the origin of knowledge developed rationally, and the term a posteriori describes knowledge developed through observation and experience. What is an example of ethics is best described as discovered in an apostiori manner? (Points : 5)
Social ethics
Care-based ethics
Consequentialist ethics
Theological ethics
Operational ethics

 

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