Respond to the following questions:

1. Mr. J is a 52 year old male presenting to the clinic with a 2 week history of increasing dyspnea, exercise intolerance, swelling of the feet and a

6 pound weight gain.  On exam he has an irregular heart rate and cardiomegaly.   Based on these signs and symptoms what is the best explanation of

what is happening to Mr. J: (filling in the blanks below will answer this)
Diagnosis:___________ (I am looking for the overall diagnosis not the irregular heart rate.  Realize that the irregular heart rate is contributing to

a more extensive disease process).  Explain the underlying pathophysiology (what is going wrong at the tissue, organ or cellular level) that is

causing the cardiomegaly ________, the dyspnea________,  and the weight gain_______ (specifically where is the weight gain coming from- hint it has

nothing  to do with over eating).
How does the fluid leave the capillaries and why is it not all returning for Mr. J ? ______________

His irregular heart rate is diagnosed as atrial fibrillation.  Blood clots are a risk with atrial fibrillation.   During his hospital stay he begins

having difficulty understanding what his family and health care providers are trying to tell him.  Given his new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation,

what complication might he be starting to develop?  ____________ and why? ____________  Tell me where EXACTLY (based on the description of his

symptoms) it is occurring.  If you have the new diagnosis correct you would know this could occur in different regions, I want a specific location

within the organ (as specific as possible) and not the organ in general?__________________.

2. Ms. X is a 68 year old who has smoked 2 packs a day for 40 years (an 80 pack year smoker).  She presents to the ER with extensive mucous

production, tachypnea, wheezing, and an oxygen saturation  of 88%.  This is a sign of low oxygen in the blood which is called _________.  She is

diagnosed with COPD with symptoms of bronchial mucous obstruction (in other words excessive, thick mucus production partially blocking the bronchi

and bronchioles) and scaring of the alveoli.
What part(s) of the process of respiration does this interfere with?______________  Explain how it interferes with each part that you identify

(leading to her signs and symptoms) _______________.  CO2 build up in the blood often occurs as a result of the pathogenic processes described above

which leads to one of the signs/symptoms she presents with, which one? ________________.  Explain IN DETAIL how increased CO2 causes this

symptom.______.

While in the ER, her blood pressure remained about 175/95, what stage of hypertension is she currently? __________
What are some processes in the body that might be contributing to this increased blood pressure (think about normal homeostatic mechanisms that

contribute to elevated BP and tell me what might be faltering this will need incorporation of multiple chapters/systems that influence control blood

pressure including blood volume) ___________.
The ER doctor tells her that she needs to stop smoking.  He reports that on the CXR he could see small fractures in her vertebrae and recommends a

bone density testing.  What diagnosis is the doctor concerned about?   ________________,

What are her risk factors for this disease (based on what

you know about Ms. X)? _____________   What are some preventative measures the doctor might advise Ms. X in regards to her bone changes? __________

3. Mr. K is a 22 year old male who has been experiencing numbness of his feet which has been causing him to trip occasionally. What condition in

general is this (based solely on what he is experiencing here)? ______
Lab work shows autoantibodies.  What type of disease category is this? _________  Explain to me how antibodies form (walk me through all  the steps

please from antigen to antibody formation) ______,  what is the antibody function is (in general)_______?  He is diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis,

what specifically are the autoantibodies attacking? _______.

A few years later he has begins experiencing decreased appetite and early sensation of fullness after eating only part of his meals.  He has read

that MS can put a person at risk for gastric paresis which slows the motility and emptying time of stomach content.  What other gastric disease could

this slowing put him at risk for?__________ explain why? ____________.

4. Jenny is a 16 year old gymnast who presents to her doctor with left foot and heal pain.  She is told that there is inflammation in her achilles

tendon what is her diagnosis ________ .
The doctor notes that her BMI is 16 and asks about her menses.  She reports menarche at age 14 (what is menarche? _______) but has not had a menses

in 4 months.  Based on her examination what specifically in her body is resulting in this lack of menstrual cycle ?  I want to know first what

specifically is causing it ______________  (hint something about the original detail suggests a specific thing that affects somthing else that helps

regulate the menstrual cycle- connect the original information to the product that contributes to the menstrual cycle)
Then I want to see the details of how the answer above negatively affects the menstrual cycle_________________ (I should be able to see your

understanding of the connection of the answer above and its entire role in creating a menstrual cycle and how its deficit results in no menses).

3 Simple steps to get your paper done
Step 1	Step 2	Step 3
Place Order	Down to work	Paper is Ready!
Takes just a few minutes!	Best writer takes the order	Access via your account

• Describe the anatomy (structure) and physiology (function) of one of your favorite vegetables. Is the structure of your vegetable a modification from the standard root, stem, leaf, or flower?
• Explain how this structure differs from the standard root, stem, leaf, or flower.
• Compare the vegetable that you have chosen, its structure, and its function in the plant with 1 or more of your classmates’ choices.

• Choose 1 product or benefit that people get from plants (besides food), describe it, and explain how people benefit.
• Which do you think is the most important benefit of plants?

3 Simple steps to get your paper done
Step 1	Step 2	Step 3
Place Order	Down to work	Paper is Ready!
Takes just a few minutes!	Best writer takes the order	Access via your account