Exercise 1

1.What demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement in the OH et al. (2014) study? Provide a rationale for your answer.

2. What statistics were calculated to describe body mass index (BMI) in this study? Were these appropriate? Provide a rationale for your answer.

3. Were the distributions of scores for BMI similar for the intervention and control groups? Provide a rationale for your answer.

4. Was there a significant difference in BMI between the intervention and control groups? Provide a rationale for your answer.

5. Based on the sample size of N=41, what frequency and percentage of the sample smoked? What frequency and percentage of the sample were non-drinkers (alcohol)? Show your calculations and round to the nearest whole percent.

6. What measurement method was used to measure the bone mineral density (BMD) for the study participants? Discuss the quality of this measurement method and document your response.

7. What statistic was calculated to determine differences between the intervention and control groups for the lumbar and femur neck BMDs? Were the groups significantly different for BMDs?

8. The researchers stated that there were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics of the intervention and control groups (see Table 2) Are these groups heterogeneous or homogeneous at the beginning of the study? Why is this important in testing the effectiveness of the therapeutic lifestyle modification (TLM) program?

9. Oh et al. (2014, p.296) stated that “the adherence rate to the TLM program was 99.6%.” Discuss the importance of intervention adherence, and document your response.

10. Was the sample for this study adequately described? Provide a rationale for your answer.

Exercise 2

1.What do degrees of freedom (df) mean? Canbulat et al. (2015) did not provide the dfs in their study. Why is it important to know the df for a t ratio? Using the df formula, calculate the df for this study.

2. What are the means and standard deviations (SD) for age for the Buzzy intervention and control groups? What statistical analysis is conducted to determine the difference in means for age for the two groups? Was this an appropriate analysis technique? Provide a rationale for your answer.

3. What are the t value and p value for age? What do these results mean?

4. What are the assumptions for conducting the independent samples t-test?

5. Are the groups in this study independent or dependent? Provide a rationale for your answer.

6. What is the null hypothesis for procedural self-reported pain measured with the Wong Baker Faces Scale (WBFS) for the two groups? Was this null hypothesis accepted or rejected in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.

7. Should a Bonferroni procedure be conducted in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.

8. What variable has a result of t=-6.135, p=0.000? What does the result mean?

9. In your opinions, is it an expected or unexpected finding that both t values on Table 2 were found to be statistically significant. Provide a rationale for your answer.

10. Describe one potential clinical benefit for pediatric patients to receive the Buzzy intervention that combined cold and vibration during IV insertion.

Exercise 3

1.What are the assumptions for conducting a paired or dependent samples t-test in a study? Which of these assumptions do you think were met by the Lindseth et al. (2014) study?

2. In the introduction, Lindesth et al. (2014) described a “2-week washout between diets.” What does this mean? Why is this important?

3. What is the paired t-test value for mood (irritability) between the participants’ consumption of high- versus low-aspartame diets? Is this result statistically significant? Provide a rationale for your answer.

4. State the null hypothesis for mood (irritability) that was tested in this study. Was this hypothesis accepted or rejected? Provide a rational for your answer.

5. Which t value in Table 2 represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the high- and low-aspartame diets? Is this t value statistically significant? Provide a rationale for your answer.

6. Discuss why the larger t values are more likely to be statistically significant.

7. Discuss the meaning of the results regarding depression for this study. What is the clinical importance of this result?

8. What is the smallest, paired t-test value in Table 2? Why do you think the smaller t value are not statistically significant?

9. Discuss the clinical importance of these study results about the consumption of aspartame. Document your answer with a relevant source.

10. Are these study findings related to the consumption of high- and low-aspartame diets ready for implementation in practice? Provide a rational for your answer.

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• 1. Critically appraise the design of the team’s curriculum (below) by providing feedback on the structure, sequence, and design of the curriculum or program.

The focus of our team project is to initiate a prelicensure BSN program with in an institution that does not already have an existing one. Our team choose to place the program in Princeton University, as it is not only an Ivy League institution with a lengthy history of excellence, but the need and resources within the local community correlate with the outcome goals of our program.

Course Outline for Senior Year

General Nursing Practice Part 3 Care Across the Lifespan – 4 credits

In this course, students will focus on the application of theories, concepts, research, and issues related to the care of clients, across the lifespan with identified chronic health problems.

Nursing Care for Children and Adolescents – 4 credits

This course will cover common health problems and nursing interventions for children and adolescents.

Nursing leadership/ Professional practice course – 4 credits

In this course, students will learn the framework of healthcare policy, managed care, health delivery models, interdisciplinary team building, conflict resolution, performance improvement and resource management

Community/public health nursing – 4 credits

In this course students will learn the framework of community and public healthcare through community assessment, health indicators, epidemiology, data collection and assessment, public policy and delivery of services.

Introduction to Nursing Research – 4 credits

In this course, students will become familiar with the concept of nursing research, and its impact on nursing practice. Students will be introduced to the various types of nursing research through in class lecture.

Maternity nursing – 4 credits

In this course, students will examine women and families during the childbearing period. Individual, societal, cultural, and environmental factors as well as health care disparities related to childbearing and parenting will be identified and assessed.

Organizational framework related to start up program at Princeton University

Mission of Princeton University School of Nursing:

To improve the health of individuals through excellence in the education of nurses for leadership roles in practice, research and service.

Vision of Princeton University School of Nursing

Striving to educate graduates to be exemplary professional nurses who will improve public health locally and globally through research, clinical practice and advocacy.

Philosophy of Princeton University School of Nursing:

At the Princeton University School of Nursing, we believe that nursing is a human experience and recognizes that humans are unique individuals who make deliberate choices and actions and should be provided the opportunity to be involved in decision making, and will be supported in times of weakness and strength. Additionally, we recognize that all humans are to be treated equally and fairly, regardless of race, ethnicity, gender, religion, or lifestyle.

Guiding Curriculum Development

From a faculty perspective, it is important that faculty (or potential faculty) reflect on their own personal beliefs and values, affirm points of agreement, and evaluate points of contention (Billings &Halstead, 2016). The teachings of each faculty member must overtly reflect the overall philosophy of the school. Ultimately, the philosophy statement should reflect the entire faculty’s rationale for the existence of the institution and will eventually guide the curriculum components as well as its implementation and outcomes (Keating, 2015). When developing a philosophical statement, including a mission and vision statement, it is essential that each faculty member reflect on his or her own beliefs about human beings, society and environment, as well as nursing and nurses, because that is the essence of the philosophy. If the mission, vision, and philosophy are true to the core of the people who wrote it, they will be reflected in the curriculum by how it is designed, implemented, and evaluated (Billings & Halstead, 2016).

References

Billings, D.M. & Halstead, J.A. (2016). Teaching in nursing: A guide for faculty (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Keating, S.B. (2015). Curriculum development and evaluation in nursing (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Springer.

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Write a formal paper of 750-1,000 words that addresses the following:

Discuss the differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level.
Identify a patient care situation in which you describe how nursing care or approaches to decision-making may differ based upon the educational preparation of the nurse (BSN versus a diploma or ADN degree).

For additional help finding research on this topic, refer to the GCU Library tutorial located at in the Student Success Center.

Refer to the “American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Fact Sheet: Creating a More Highly Qualified Nursing Workforce” as a resource.

Refer to the assigned readings for concepts that help support your main points.

Refer to “Grand Canyon University College of Nursing Philosophy.” This is an informational resource to assist in completing the assignment.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

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Using the information you learned from your assessments and from this course, describe five points or areas that would affect nursing care for a person of the culture of the person you interviewed. Include the areas and evaluate the type of accommodation or change in nursing care needed to give culturally competent care. Retake the cultural competency quiz and summarize if and how your cultural competency has changed. Evaluate how your learning can positively affect the nursing care of individuals from diverse cultures. Submit your response in a 4- to 6-page Word document.

Support your responses with examples.

Cite any sources in APA format.

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Post your response to the assigned discussion questions in the below Discussion Area. It is important to support what you say with relevant citations in the APA format from both the course materials and outside resources. Include the South University Online Library in your research activities utilizing not only the nursing resource database, but also those pertaining to

Based on your specialty role option (i.e., Nurse Practitioner, Nurse Educator, Nurse Informaticist, Nurse Administrator), identify a potential problem (topic) that you would like to investigate through nursing research. Begin by reading the American Association of Colleges of Nursing’s (AACN) position statement on nursing research (http://www.aacn.nche.edu/publications/position/nursing-research).

Next explore South’s Online Library and conduct a search to locate a minimum of three nursing research articles that have addressed the problem you have identified. The literature may not be older than 5 years. After reading the literature respond to the following:

1. Note your role specialization and briefly describe the problem you are interested in researching and why this is of interest to you.
2. Discuss your library search strategies and briefly summarize the literature you reviewed. Focus your discussion on the “problem” and how the literature you identified provides evidence of the existence of the problem.
3. Include in your discussion a potential innovation that you might consider as a solution to the problem identified.
4. Include citations/references in APA style format, using citations where appropriate.

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Write a formal paper of 750-1,000 words that addresses the following:

1. Discuss the differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level.
2. Identify a patient care situation in which you describe how nursing care or approaches to decision-making may differ based upon the educational preparation of the nurse (BSN versus a diploma or ADN degree).

For additional help finding research on this topic, refer to the GCU Library tutorial located at in the Student Success Center.

Refer to the “American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Fact Sheet: Creating a More Highly Qualified Nursing Workforce” as a resource.

Refer to the assigned readings for concepts that help support your main points.

Refer to “Grand Canyon University College of Nursing Philosophy.” This is an informational resource to assist in completing the assignment.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

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1. Choose a hand tool that you are currently using in your workspace. Describe it, and present a brief history of its use. If possible, upload a picture of it as well. Then, make a suggestion as to how it might be improved. How would this improvement assist you?Your journal entry must be at least Two hundred words. No references or citations are necessary.

2. Look at your workstation, and describe it according to the industrial work station design. Does it meet the standards for reach, height, and other measurements? Do you believe that it meets the standards, or do you need to make some changes? Explain your response.Your journal entry must be at least two hundred words. No references or citations are necessary.

3. Look at your life currently. Do you have a work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD)? If so, how has it affected your life? If you do not, imagine what life would be like with a WMSD. A rotator cuff injury, carpal tunnel syndrome, and lower back pain are all issues that people live with. You may also find it helpful to spend a few minutes on YouTube looking at other people’s circumstances with WMSDs before sharing your thoughts.Your journal entry must be at least two hundred words. No references or citations are necessary.

4. Recollect a time when either you or someone you cared about was in the hospital or a nursing home. Think about that place and the care that was received there. Think about what that person said of their experience. Now, imagine that you have the power to fix anything; how would you fix the issues mentioned?Your journal entry must be at least two hundred words. No references or citations are necessary.

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Since the nursing home had many residents who had unhealthy respiratory systems, the nursing home routinely ordered and received tanks that contained pure oxygen. During one delivery, the supplier mistakenly delivered one tank of pure nitrogen in addition to the three tanks of pure oxygen that had been ordered. The nitrogen tank had both an oxygen and nitrogen label. An employee at the nursing home connected the nitrogen tank to the nursing home’s oxygen delivery system. This event caused two nursing home residents to die, and three additional nursing home residents were admitted to hospitals in critical condition. Within the following month, two of these three additional residents also died, bringing the total death toll to four.

(Based on accident # 837914 from www.osha.gov)

Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper in which your team compares the Normal Accident Theory to the Culture of Safety model.

Include the following in your paper:

•Explain what factors can play a role in organizational accidents similar to the one highlighted in the scenario:

◦How organizational processes give rise to potential failures?

◦How can certain conditions influence errors and violations within the workplace? (e.g., operating room, pharmacy, intensive care unit)

◦The errors and violations committed by “sharp end” individuals.

◦How the breaching of defenses or safeguards affect these accidents?

•Explain why the FDA, not OSHA, was responsible for investigating this case.

•Explain how the Culture of Safety model could have been applied to reduce risk in this scenario.

•Explain the five general principles used in the Culture of Safety model.

•Explain actions that could have been taken to manage risk by applying each of the five general principles used in the Culture of Safety model to this scenario.

Cite at least 3 peer-reviewed, scholarly, or similar references and your textbook to support your information.

Format your paper according to APA guidelines.

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